Manned Spacecraft Development Plan from HTV Technical Heritage

Carbon Dioxide Measuring Systems for Manned Spacecraft.

For manned space flight to date, three types of CO2 sensors have been developed. At present, the infrared approach to CO 2 detection is considered the most reliable and sensitive system available for use in manned space flight. The problems of total pressure sensitivity can be offset electronically, ff required, on future missions; however, at present, the excellent pressure control which the e...

Risk-based Fire Safety Experiment Definition for Manned Spacecraft

Aviation medicine. Special forms of flight. IV: Manned spacecraft.

Unfortunately the qualities which count for most in medicine are not precisely measurable. The measurable-examination performance at school-neither necessarily relates to these qualities nor guarantees intellectual potential. Furthermore, there is no acceptable objective measure of the quality of a doctor against which to test the worth of earlier decisions. In this sea of uncertainty it is not...

Locating air leaks in manned spacecraft using structure-borne noise.

All manned spacecraft are vulnerable to leaks generated by micrometeorite or debris impacts. Methods for locating such leaks using leak-generated, structure-borne ultrasonic noise are discussed and demonstrated. Cross-correlations of ultrasonic noise waveforms from a leak into vacuum are used to find the location of the leak. Four methods for sensing and processing leak noise have been develope...

Radiation shielding of spacecraft in manned interplanetary flights.

During the interplanetary flights the crewmembers will be exposed to cosmic ray radiation with great risk for their health. The absorbed dose due to CR depends on the galactic (GCR) or solar (SCR) origin. GCRs are isotropic and relatively high in energy and deliver a dose nearly constant with time that can be reduced only by means of "heavy" passive protection. The outer walls of the spacecraft...